What is the stage of attachment characterized by indiscriminate reactions from birth to approximately 12 weeks?

The stage of attachment characterized by indiscriminate reactions from birth to approximately 12 weeks is known as pre-attachment. In this initial phase, infants do not have a specific attachment figure and instead respond similarly to all caregivers and social stimuli. This early period is crucial for the infant's social development, as they begin to form relationships with others through their reactions to a variety of faces, voices, and interactions.

During the pre-attachment stage, babies exhibit behaviors such as crying, cooing, and smiling, which are not directed at any specific individual but rather serve to elicit responses from caregivers regardless of their identity. This indiscriminate social responsiveness is essential as it promotes social engagement and helps infants develop the foundational skills needed for future attachment relationships. As the infant grows and begins to form stronger attachments, the focus of their responses gradually becomes more selective, leading to a more defined attachment to specific caregivers.