Which need must be satisfied first according to the hierarchical model in child development?

In the hierarchical model of child development, often associated with Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs such as food, water, and rest are the most fundamental requirements that must be satisfied before any higher-level needs can be addressed. This model illustrates that fundamental survival needs must be met to ensure a child's health and well-being.

When children are hungry, dehydrated, or fatigued, they cannot focus on or achieve social, emotional, or cognitive development. Only after these basic needs are fulfilled can children feel safe, loved, and confident, leading to the pursuit of self-esteem and other higher-order psychological needs. This understanding is critical for caregivers and educators, as it emphasizes the importance of providing a nurturing environment that ensures these essential needs are met first to support overall development effectively.